Continuous rearing of the predatory anthocorid orius. Timely augmentative releases of phytoseiids or nonphytoseiids e. Minute bug with enormous impacts on insect pests university of. The genus orius consists of omnivorous bugs in the family anthocoridae pirate bugs. Kingdom animalia animals phylum arthropoda arthropods subphylum hexapoda hexapods class insecta insects order hemiptera true bugs, cicadas, hoppers, aphids and allies. Strip planting alfalfa in cotton wilbur wuertz farm. They are often seen in corn silks, and can be an important predator of corn earworm eggs.
Identity of two sympatric species of orius hemiptera. Anthocoridae, are closely related species known to be sympatric in north florida. Behavior predation by orius insidiosus heteroptera. Department of plant and environmental protection sciences. The effect of various diets on nymphal development and survival of two predaceous anthocorid bugs,orius albidipennis reuter ando. This predator has been shown to colonize complex, mixedcrop habitats more rapidly than simple monocultures. Behavioral responses of predaceous minute pirate bugs to. The population dynamics of the bollworm, helicoverpa zea boddie, and its associated natural enemies were studied in insecticide free, commercial, shortseason cotton fields from 1991 to 1995 in the southern blacklands of texas. Banana rust thrips damage to banana and ornamentals in. Comparative laboratory experiment with orius insidiosus and.
Do not duplicate or redistribute 1 1 chapter 6 kinds of natural enemies. Minute pirate bug university of maryland extension. Thripidae in pepper flowers ignacio baez, 1stuart r. Integrated pest manage ment of flower crops under copy. Adults are 25 mm long and feed mostly on smaller insects, larva and eggs, such as spider mites, thrips, jumping plant lice, and white fly, but will also feed on pollen and vascular sap. Comparison with green beans and use in enzymelinked immunosorbent. Pdf identity of two sympatic species of orius hemiptera. Several natural enemies have been identified, including minute pirate bug orius tristicolor, western bigeyed bug geocoris pallens, and convergent lady beetle hippodamia convergens 10, but. Please specify if you want a cd or usb thumb drive in addition to the hard copy. Predators are usually larger than their prey, and many prey are. The impact of transgenic plants on natural enemies. Mass rearing systems for orius bugs typically make use of plant materials such as bean pods as an oviposition substrate and moisture source.
Seidner environmental studies undergraduate department, university of california, santa cruz, 1156 high st. Orius tristicolor, a beneficial insect that feeds on many agricultural pest. At lapalma, arizona, cotton and alfalfa were interplanted at the. Orius tristicolor bug, minute pirate order homoptera family eriococcidae tectococcus ovatus biocontrol agent, strawberry guava order hymenoptera family aphelinidae aphelinus all species in genus parasite, aphid cales noacki parasite, woolly whitefly encarsia formosa parasite, greenhouse whitefly. Here, male and female genitalia, dna sequences, and the effects of within and betweenspecies pairings on egg production and egg development were examined to develop a better understanding of the relationship. Biological traits and predation capacity of four orius species on two. The intraplant spatial patterns of adult and nymphal populations of orius were aggregated with the majority of the orius collected from the top onethird of the plant. Anthocoridae is present also in the horticultural region of salto, this species was incorporated into the study in order to evaluate if significant. Pdf reproduction of orius laevigatus and orius albidipennis on.
List of restricted animals november 28, 2006 part a. Feeding habits of orius tristicolor 1 oup academic. For example, a study showed that the insidious flower beetle orius insidiosus laid 56. Mouthparts of orius insidiosus say, hemipteraheteroptera. Anthocoridae on life stages and species of frankliniella flower thrips thysanoptera. Boddie life stages were monitored in insedicide free cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. The gut content analyses revealed that insect and spider predators collected from the alfalfa trap crop had a significantly higher proportion of their population containing lygus spp. Parasitic wasps that attach eggs anaphes iole and nymphs peristenus relictus are commonly found in strawberries. Orius insidiosus insidious flower bug orius tristicolor minute pirate bug palexorista inconspicua papilio polyxenes black swallowtail butterfly pediobius foveolatus bean beetle parasite peristenus digoneutis phrydiuchus tau mediterranean sage root crown.
Conserving natural enemies by providing flowering hosts as refuges and selecting chemicals that are less harmful can contribute to. Similarly, hairy vetch blossoms harbor flower thrips frankliniella spp. Arthropod pest management during and at the end of strawberry. They derived this hypothesis from a study of pesticide evects on the cotton predator community. Wallis test, followed by distributionfree multiple comparison. Field observations have revealed that each of the larger hemipteran predators, geocoris spp.
Classification explanation of names range works cited. Behavioral responses of predaceous minute pirate bugs. Identification the following is a description of orius spp. Around 70 species of orius are known all over the world. Anthocoridae minute pirate bug and insidious flower bug.
The most common species in the midwest is orius insidiosus, the insidious flower bug. Orius maxidentex ghauri and orius tantillus motschulsky being the most common ones. Thripidae, formerly known as the orchid thrips, was first collected in ha. Sequence alignments of 18s rdna from orius insidiosus, o. Pdf reproduction and longevity of the anthocorid predators orius laevigatus fieber and. Predators are free living organisms for which the adults and most of the immature stages must kill and eat prey for their survival. Nucleotide sequences have been submitted to genbank, and the accession numbers are gu214726 orius insidiosus, gu214727 orius tristicolor, and gu214728 orius pumilio. It is found in the caribbean sea, central america, north america, oceania, and south america.
The effect of moisture source and diet on the development and reproduction of the pirate bugs, orius thripoborus hesse and orius naivashae poppius hemiptera. Comparative laboratory experiment with orius insidiosus. Orius tristicolor order homoptera family eriococcidae tectococcus ovatus order hymenoptera family aphelinidae aphelinus all species in genus cales noacki encarsia formosa encarsia guadeloupae encarsia. Wallis test followed by the distribution free multiple comparison test. Moreover, plant materials must be of good quality and free of pesticides. Adults are very small 3 mm long, somewhat ovalshaped, and black with white wing patches. The minute pirate bugs, orius insidiosus say and orius pumilio champion hemiptera. Schrank and beneficial arthropods stethorus punctum picipes casey, orius spp. Orius species are reported as the most promising among anthocorids.
It is found in the caribbean sea, central america, north america, oceania, and south america references. Orius tristicolor an overview sciencedirect topics. Ballal, kazutaka yamada, in ecofriendly pest management for food security, 2016. Orius minutus controlled aphids infesting apple orchards in china qin, 1985 and orius sauteri poppius was recorded as an important. Arthropod pest management during and at the end of. Orius tristicolor, and multiple species of spiders are among the predacious arthropods. Pena1 successful biological control requires knowledge of the organisms used and their biology. Partial ecological life tables constructed for each annual generation indicated that 7195%. Another species, orius tristicolor, the minute pirate bug, is more common in western states. Orius tristicolor, known generally as the minute flower bug or minute pirate bug, is a species of minute pirate bug in the family anthocoridae. Integrated pest manage ment of flower crops under copy free ebook download as powerpoint presentation. Family anthocoridae are valuable natural enemies in cotton and abundant throughout the season.
Anthocoridae, with emphasis on the stimulus for biting man mark norbert wisniewski loyola university chicago this thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the theses and dissertations at loyola ecommons. Many are found in cryptic habitats such as galls, several widespread genera are surface feeders on small arthropods anthocoris, orius, and tetraphleps, and others can. Oviposition and isolation of viable eggs from orius insidiosus in a parafilm and water substrate. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Intraguild predation of orius tristicolor by geocoris spp. Volume xxxiv, number 1112, published july 2015 2015. Both species had been collected in and around sugarcane fields in south africa. Orius tristicolor abundance increases with flower bloom. In this paper, i examine evidence that orius, which occupies the next rung in the sizebased ladder, is suppressed by intraguild predation. Although there are several different species of flower bugs found in ontario orchards the most common are the minute pirate bug orius insidiosus say and the insidious flower bug orius tristicolor white.
Development and survival of orius albidipennis and o. Adults are 25 mm long and feed mostly on smaller insects, larva and eggs, such as spider mites, thrips, jumping plant lice, and white fly, but will also feed on pollen and vascular sap these predators are common in gardens and landscapes. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Pdf reproduction of orius laevigatus and orius albidipennis. Genomic dna sequence data for its1 were derived from. Both species had been collected in and around sugarcane fields in. There are no reports of anthurium cultivars that are resistant or susceptible to anthurium thrips, but injury is. Indiana register natural resources commission subject. Two insects may reduce hairy vetch seed yield in heavy infestations. Natural control of helicoverpa zea boddie in transpecos. Pdf the minute pirate bugs, orius insidiosus say and orius pumilio champion hemiptera. Simulations suggest that immigration and emigration play important roles in sitespeci.
The omnivorous anthocorid predator orius laevigatus is an economically important biological control agent of several small arthropod pests including the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. The population density of the orius was monitored biweekly for 4 months from may to august using plant tappings, blossoms, plant leaves, and whole plants. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Orius tristicolor white,8 anthocoridae minute pirate bug. Orius minutus controlled aphids infesting apple orchards in china qin, 1985 and orius sauteri poppius was recorded as an. Evaluation of orius species for biological control of. Reprinted with permission of asacssasssa publishers, p. Orius tristicolor abundance increases with flower bloom intensity of hedgerow plant species d. Ip10 banana rust thrips damage to banana and ornamentals in hawaii ctahr june 2002. Orius insidiosus insidious flower bug orius tristicolor minute pirate bug palexorista inconspicua papilio polyxenes black swallowtail butterfly pediobius foveolatus bean beetle parasite peristenus digoneutis phrydiuchus tau mediterranean sage root crown weevil podisus maculiventris spined soldier bug. Apart from this, more than a single study was done on only a handful of species. Heteroptera, anthocoridae the insects and arachnids of canada leonard a kelton download bok. Bollworm had one discernable generation per season in cotton. The predatory bugsorius insidiosus andorius albidipennis are potential candidates for biocontrol of the thrips,frankliniella occidentalis.
Further details may be available for individual references in the distribution table details section which can be. Orius maxidentex was observed to be a potential predator of helicoverpa armigera hubner in the sunflower ecosystem ballal and singh, 2001. Intra and interplant spatial patterns were determined for adults and nymphs of orius insidiosus say and o. Minute pirate bugs, particularly orius tristicolor white, feed voraciously on western. Biology and feeding habits of orius tristicolor hemiptera.
Plants trap pollen to feed predatory arthropods as an. Environmental improvement through biological control and. The effect of various diets on nymphal development and survival of two predaceous anthocorid bugs, orius albidipennis reuter ando. There are two species in arizona, orius tristicolor a and o. The genus orius commonly called minute pirate bug consists of omnivorous bugs in the family anthocoridae pirate bugs. Moisture source and diet affect development and reproduction. Ucceimperial county and mail to annette tietz, ucce, 1050 e. One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using. Volume xxxiv, number 1112, published july 2015 t he 2015 directory is a gateway to more than two thousand useful pest control items for quick access see box a on page.
Chapter 6edited do not duplicate or redistribute 1 1 chapter 6 kinds of natural enemies l. Natural control of helicoverpa zea boddie in transpecos cotton. Feb 01, 2014 the omnivorous anthocorid predator orius laevigatus is an economically important biological control agent of several small arthropod pests including the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. Values are total numbers of psyllids and natural enemies found on any given date. During the summers of 1996 and 1997 helicoverpa zea aphics. Both immature and adult orius can consume 30 or more spider mites per day. Leaf damage and prey type determine search effort in orius. Many are found in cryptic habitats such as galls, several widespread genera are surface feeders on small arthropods anthocoris, orius, and tetraphleps, and others can be found in ant nests and, especially, under bark. Orius tristicolor was the most abundant predator, followed by nabis, collops, geocoris, chrysopa, coccinellids and reduviids.
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